Impact of succinic anhydride on the properties of jute fiber/polypropylene biocomposites     

Abu Saleh Ahmed  Md. Saiful Islam  Azman Hassan  M. K. Mohamad Haafiz  Kh. Nurul Islam  Reza Arjmandi 《Fibers and Polymers》2014,15(2):307-314

Chemical treatment is an often-followed route to improve the physical and mechanical properties of natural fiber reinforced polymer matrix composites. In this study, the effect of chemical treatment on physical and mechanical properties of jute fiber reinforced polypropylene (PP) biocomposites with different fiber loading (5, 10, 15, and 20 wt%) were investigated. Before being manufactured jute fiber/PP composite, raw jute fiber was chemically treated with succinic anhydride for the chemical reaction with cellulose hydroxyl group of fiber and to increase adhesion and compatibility to the polymer matrix. Jute fiber/PP composites were fabricated using high voltage hot compression technique. Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) tests were employed to evaluate the morphological properties of composite. Succinic anhydride underwent a chemical reaction with raw jute fiber which was confirmed through FTIR results. SEM micrographs of the fractured surface area were taken to study the fiber/matrix interface adhesion and compatibility. Reduced fiber agglomeration and improved interfacial bonding was observed under SEM in the case of treated jute fiber/PP composites. The mechanical properties of jute/PP composite in terms of Tensile strength and Young’s modulus was found to be increased with fiber loading up to 15 wt% and decreased at 20 wt%. Conversely, flexural strength and flexural modulus increased with fiber loading up to 10 wt% and start decreasing at 15 wt%. The treated jute/PP composite samples had higher hardness (Rockwell) and lower water absorption value compared to that of the untreated ones.  相似文献   

An empirical equation for predicting mechanical property of chemically treated natural fibre using a statistically designed experiment     

Mohammad S. Islam  Kim L. Pickering 《Fibers and Polymers》2014,15(2):355-363

An empirical equation was developed for single fibre tensile strength for industrial hemp fibres which were subjected to a combination of chemical treatment conditions varying two sets of four different treatment variables (sodium hydroxide (NaOH) concentration, sodium sulphite (Na₂SO₃) concentration, treatment temperature, and digestion time) using partial factorial design. Estimation of tensile strength (TS) for untested combination of treatment factors, prediction of the combination of factors for a target value of fibre TS and sensitivity analysis and tolerance design confirms the validity of the derived empirical model. Such an approach of deriving empirical equation to predict fibre TS would obviously save money, time and use of chemicals and hence would be a very important land mark for industries related to natural fibre polymer composites.  相似文献   

Management of type 2 diabetes mellitus by lifestyle, diet and medicinal plants     

Haque N  Salma U  Nurunnabi TR  Uddin MJ  Jahangir MF  Islam SM  Kamruzzaman M 《Pakistan journal of biological sciences: PJBS》2011,14(1):13-24

Globally, the prevalence of chronic, noncommunicable diseases is increasing at an alarming rate and diabetes is one of them. If diabetes is not controlled then a lot of complication like coronary artery disease, cerebrovascular disease, peripheral vascular disease, retinopathy, nephropathy and neuropathy arise in diabetic patients and causes morbidity and/or mortality. Diabetes is increasing at an epidemic form and in near future the largest increases will take place in the regions dominated by developing economies. So, it will be a great social and economical burden to developing countries as well as the developed. But if we be aware about our diet and lifestyle and take proper medication we may prevent and reduce the prevalence of diabetes. Oral medicine plays an important role in management of diabetes. But most of the oral drugs are costly and have a lot of side effects. For this it is also necessary to take medicines with fewer or no side effects. And antidiabetic medicinal plants may play an important role in this case. In this article we have tried to describe how diet and lifestyle with using medicinal plants may help to prevent or maintain diabetes and help to reduce the mortality and morbidity due to diabetes or complication related to it.  相似文献   

Microbiological quality of drinking water from dispensers in roadside restaurants of Bangladesh     

Moniruzzaman M  Akter S  Islam MA  Mia Z 《Pakistan journal of biological sciences: PJBS》2011,14(2):142-145

The microbiological status of water from dispensers in different roadside restaurants of Dhaka city and Savar area was analyzed in this study. Seven samples from Dhaka and 8 samples of Savar were checked. The heterotrophic plate count was in a range of 1.0 x 10(3) CFU mL(-1) to 2.0 x 10(4) CFU mL(-1) (from new bottles), 1.0 x 10(3) to 1.5 x 10(4) CFU mL(-1) (after dispensation), and 1.5 x 10(3) CFU mL(-1) to 1.0 x l0(5) CFU mL(-1) (from serving glass). In several of the samples, the heterotrophic plate count was higher than the count in water from new bottle or after dispensation, suggesting added contamination from the serving glass. 80% of the samples were contaminated with total and fecal coliform bacteria, which render these waters unacceptable for human consumption. The samples were found to contain gram negative bacteria like E coli, Shigella sp., Klebsiella sp., Enterobacter sp., Pseudomonas sp., and Salmonella sp., which are potential pathogens and thus pose a serious threat to public health. This study elucidates the importance of monitoring the bottling companies and the restaurants and put them under strict regulations to prevent future outbreak of any water borne diseases caused by consumption of dispensed water.  相似文献   

Respiratory bacterial flora from healthy as well as respiratory symptoms' subjects     

Islam M  Hussin S  Rahman MM 《Pakistan journal of biological sciences: PJBS》2011,14(7):456-460

Respiratory system is the primary settlement place of opportunistic organisms and considered as chief carrier of common respiratory pathogens. The aim of the study was to know the opportunistic organisms present in the healthy subjects as well as subjects that were suffering from respiratory symptoms. The organisms were identified as per standard bacteriological protocol and pathogenicity tests of the identified organisms were performed in mouse model. Antibiotic sensitivity of the identified organisms was performed. The bacterial flora present in the throat swab of apparently healthy as well as subjects suffering from respiratory symptoms were: Staphylococcus spp. (39.44%) of which Coagulase positive Staphylococcus (21.13%) and Coagulase negative Staphylococcus (18.31%), Klebsiella spp. (19.72%), Pseudomonas spp. (15.49%), Proteus spp. (4.23%), E. coli (9.86%) and Bacillus spp. (11.27%). Among the isolates Staphylococcus, Klebsiella and Pseudomonas were the predominant species. Percentages of identified bacteria were higher in respiratory symptoms exhibiting individuals (53.52%) than apparently healthy individuals (46.48%). All coagulase positive Staphylococcus, Klebsiella spp. and Pseudomonas spp. isolated from respiratory symptoms' subjects were found to be pathogenic. The isolated bacteria were resistant to amoxicillin and ampicillin but sensitive to ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin. Isolated Pseudomonas spp. showed multidrugs resistant properties. The study provided information about the pathogenic organisms' present respiratory systems of apparently healthy as well as subjects suffering from respiratory symptoms. The pathogenic natures of the isolated organisms were determined to make aware of scientists as well as clinicians. Antibiotics sensitivity assays would provide information to the clinicians for the selection of appropriate antibiotics to treat their patients.  相似文献   

Genetic Variance Estimates in Heterogeneous Potato Populations Propagated from True Potato Seed(TPS)     

M K Biswas  M A A Mondal  M Hossain  R Islam 《中国马铃薯》2005,19(2):65-69

Twenty nine cross populations developed according to line x tester mating design along with their twelve parents raised from true potato seeds, were used to study variability and correlation for seven characters. The range of variation for all the characters were found to be wide and pronounced which indicated that characters were quantitative in nature and were under polygenic control. For all the characters, greater portion of the total δ^2p was mostly contributed by the δ^2g. Among the seven characters, tuber weight per plant showed the highest δ^2g, PCV, GCV, H2b, GA and expected GA%.On the other hand, dry matter contents (%) showed the lowest H^2b. Phenotypic and genotypic correlation coefficients of plant height with no. of tubers per plant and tuber weight per plant; no. of branches per plant with no. of tubers per plant and tuber weight per plant were found to be significant and positive.  相似文献   

Selection of Suitable Parents in the Development of Potato Hybrids in Bangladesh     

M K Biswas　M A A Mondal　M Hossain　R Islam 《中国马铃薯》2005,19(4):193-197

Potatoes(Solanum tuberosum L)are the thirdlargest food crop in Bangladesh following rice andwheat and make a major contribution to the total foodsupply of the country.Although in many westerncountries potato is the number one staple food,it is al-most entirely used as a vegetable in Bangladesh.Thepotato is a short duration crop that produces a largeamount of calories in a short period of time[1].Thepotato produces more protein and calories per unitarea per unit time than any other major food…  相似文献   

INTEGRATED NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT FOR CABBAGE-BRINJAL-RED AMARANTH CROPPING PATTERN IN HOMESTEAD AREA     

M. M. Islam  A. J. M. S. Karim  M. Jahiruddin  Nik M. Majid  M. G. Miah  M. S. Islam 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(11):1678-1694

An experiment was conducted to study the effect of organic manure and chemical fertilizers on soil properties and vegetable crops in the cabbage-brinjal-red amaranth cropping pattern at the homestead in a Grey Terrace Soil (Aric Albaquept) of Bangladesh. There were eight treatments: poultry manure (PM) at 5 t ha^?1, cowdung (CD) at 10 t ha^?1, household waste (HW) at 10 t ha^?1, PM at 2.5 t ha^?1 + chemical fertilizers (CF), CD at 5 t ha^?1 + CF, HW at 5 t ha^?1 + CF, CF, and Control. The lone CF treatment indicates 100% chemical fertilizers and any manure + CF indicates supplementary or reduced rate of fertilizers. The PM at 2.5 t ha^?1 + CF treatment performed the best yield for cabbage and brinjal, and HW at 5 t ha^?1 + CF yielded the highest for red amaranth. The highest uptake of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and sulfur was also found in the treatment that produced the highest yield. Bulk density, organic carbon, and nutrient availability in soil as determined after two-crop cycles were improved due to the applications of manure.  相似文献   

INTERACTIVE EFFECT OF SULFUR AND PHOSPHORUS ON NODULATION,NITROGEN FIXATION,AND NUTRIENT UPTAKE BY CHICKPEA GROWN ON CALCAREOUS SOILS IN PAKISTAN     

Muhammad Islam  Saleem Mohsan  Safdar Ali 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(11):1649-1658

Field experiments were conducted at two different locations under rainfed conditions of Punjab, Pakistan to assess nodulation, nitrogen fixation and nutrient uptake by chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) in response to application of three rates [0, 40, and 80 kg phosphorus pentoxide (P₂O₅ ha^?1)] of phosphorus and three rates (0, 15 and 30 kg S ha^?1) of sulfur in different combinations. Effect of phosphorus application was nonsignificant while that of sulfur was significant on percent nitrogen derived from atmosphere. Both phosphorus and sulfur application resulted in increase in nitrogen fixation up to 38% and 33% over control, respectively. Nutrient uptake [nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and sulfur (S)] increased significantly with the application of phosphorus and sulfur and correlated positively with nitrogen fixation. There is direct involvement of sulfur in the process of nitrogen fixation whereas effect of phosphorus on nitrogen fixation is indirect mainly through enhanced growth and dry matter production.  相似文献   

Rice straw biochar amended soil improves wheat productivity and accumulated phosphorus in grain     

Md Toufiq Iqbal  Ibrahim Ortaş  Ibrahim. A. M. Ahmed  Mehmet Isik  Md Shariful Islam 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(14):1605-1623

Abstract

Biochar is a pyrolyzed biomass produced under limited oxygen or oxygen absent conditions. Few investigations have been conducted to determine the combined effect of biochar with chemical fertilizer on growth, yield and nutrient distribution pattern in root, shoot and grain in wheat as well as changes in soil physiochemical properties. This research was designed to study the combined effect of chemical fertilizer and rice straw-derived biochar on soil physio-chemical properties, growth, yield and nutrient distribution pattern within wheat plant tissue and grain. Results showed that rice straw biochar caused a significant decrease in soil pH and increase in soil organic matter as well as nutrients like total nitrogen (TN), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg) and boron (B) due to incubation. Result also showed that root biomass and straw did not differ between Bangladesh Agricultural Research Council (BARC) and ½ BARC?+?rice straw biochar treatment. Similarly, thousand grain weight and grain yield did not differ between the same treatments. The phosphorus concentration in wheat grain was highest in ½ BARC?+?rice straw biochar as compared to other treatments. The use of rice straw biochar in addition to the chemical fertilizers in wheat production systems is an economically feasible and practical nutrient management practice. Our findings urged that reduction of chemical fertilizer application is possible with supplementation of rice straw biochar.  相似文献